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reboot 重啟 ??shutdown -r now?立刻重啟(root用戶使用) ??halt 立刻關(guān)機(jī)
loginname 、 w 、who、whoami ?顯示登陸用戶名 ?logout 登出
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rm -rf test1.txt 強(qiáng)行刪除文件或目錄
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groupadd groupname[組名] ?添加組
groupdel ?groupname[組名] ?刪除組
groupmod -n test1 test ?把test組名改為test1
groups 顯示當(dāng)前用戶所在組
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useradd -m 用戶名 ? passwd 用戶名 回車輸入密碼 ??
useradd -g groupname[組名] username[用戶名] ?添加用戶和用戶所在的組
userdel -r username 刪除用戶
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cat -n test.txt > test2.txt ? 或 ?cat -n test.txt >> test2.txt ?把test.txt 文件拷貝到test2.txt中
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chgrp groupname test.txt ? ? ? 更改test.txt文件所在組
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chmod:
r：讀取權(quán)限，數(shù)字代號(hào)為"4"。
w：寫入權(quán)限，數(shù)字代號(hào)為"2"。
x：執(zhí)行或切換權(quán)限，數(shù)字代號(hào)為"1"。
-：不具任何權(quán)限，數(shù)字代號(hào)為"0"。
s：特殊?b>功能說明：變更文件或目錄的權(quán)限。
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chomd 7 [擁有者] 7 [所屬群組] 7[其他用戶] text1.txt ? 更改test1.txt權(quán)限
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chown user2[用戶名]:group1[組名] test1.txt ? ? ?更改test1.txt文件組和所有者
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cmp -l test.txt test1.txt ? ? ?比較test.txt和test1.txt有什么不同
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同時(shí)將文件file1、file2、file3與目錄dir1復(fù)制到dir2
cp -R file1 file2 file3 dir1 dir2
.復(fù)制文件，只有源文件較目的文件的修改時(shí)間新時(shí)，才復(fù)制文件
cp -u -v file1 file2
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cut -c1-10 test1.txt ?顯示test.txt每行10個(gè)字符
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diff test1.txt test.txt ? 比較兩個(gè)問題內(nèi)容有什么不同
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file test.txt ?我們得以辨識(shí)該文件的類型。
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find /home/exercise/ -name "test*" 或 find /home/exercise/ -name(或-iname不區(qū)分大小寫) "test.txt"
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ln -s test.txt /home/user1 ?把test.txt 的鏡像放到?/home/user1目錄下
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mcopy test.txt test2.txt ?復(fù)制 test.txt為test2.txt
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mv test.txt /home/testx.txt ?把文件test.txt移動(dòng)到?/home/testx.txt 或是該文件、文件夾名稱
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touch text1.txt test2.txt 創(chuàng)建兩個(gè)文件 ? touch -c testx.txt 如果testx.txt不存在則不創(chuàng)建
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pwd 或 dirs 查看當(dāng)前位置
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?grep -I "555" /home/exercise/* 查找該目錄下所有包含 “555”字符串的文件 正則：grep "[0-9]\{4\}" /home/exercise/*
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sort test.txt 輸出排序后內(nèi)容 默認(rèn)升序
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cd /home/exercise 切換目錄
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du -h test.txt ?顯示文件目錄大小
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ls -l /home/顯示home文件夾下所有文件的詳細(xì)信息
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mount /what/where ?掛載設(shè)置 ? umount /dev/cdrom 卸載cd?
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date 顯示系統(tǒng)當(dāng)前時(shí)間
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exit 退出當(dāng)前shell
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free -k ?顯示內(nèi)存情況，-k表示以kb單位表示
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id 顯示當(dāng)前用戶的ID id username 顯示該用戶的ID
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ps -ef | grep java 查找用java關(guān)鍵字的所有進(jìn)程
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kill ?-s ?9 ?15572 ?強(qiáng)制殺死 15572進(jìn)程
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last 列出登陸主機(jī)的用戶信息 ? lastb 列出登陸失敗的用戶信息
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su username 回車輸入密碼 即可更換登陸用戶 例如：su root ?回車輸入密碼****
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top 顯示，管理執(zhí)行中的程序
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uname 顯示電腦及系統(tǒng)信息
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vlock ?鎖著終端 相當(dāng)于windows鎖屏
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setup 設(shè)置電腦配置
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gzip ?test.txt 遞歸壓縮文件 ? ? gzip -r 文件夾 ? ??
gunzip FileName.gz 或 gzip -d FileName.gz ?解壓 ?gzip -dr exercise ?
?exercise文件夾內(nèi)所有文件解壓
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tar -zcvf a.tar.gz test.txt ?把test.txt打包壓縮成a.tar.gz ? ? 解壓?tar?-zxvf?/tmp/etc.tar.gz?
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zip x.zip test.txt ?把test.txt壓縮成x.zip ? ? unzip x.zip 解壓文件 ? unzip -v x.zip 或 zipinfo x.zip ?查看壓縮文件內(nèi)容 ?
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