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Compass框架的參考文檔,Compass是在Lucene的基礎上做了封裝，支持索引事務控制和增量索引，同時也能夠和主流的SSH框架完美地整合在一起,操作Compass類似于操作Hibernate，它們的類/方法等設計的非常相似。下面我們通過一個實例來看看Compass到底是怎樣來索引數據庫，操作索引庫和實現搜索功能的。
步驟一：下載Compass，目前最新版本是2.2.0，可以到 http://www.compass-project.org/ 上下載。
步驟二：在Eclipse中新建一個Java Project，解壓compass-2.2.0-with-dependencies.zip，將dist目錄下的compass-2.2.0.jar，commons-logging.jar和dist/lucene目錄下的lucene-analyzers.jar，lucene-core.jar，lucene-highlighter.jar拷貝在工程的構建路徑下.
步驟三：新建一個Book（書籍）類，這個類就是我們要搜索的對象，其完整代碼如下：

Java代碼

import org.compass.annotations.Index;
import org.compass.annotations.Searchable;
import org.compass.annotations.SearchableId;
import org.compass.annotations.SearchableProperty;
import org.compass.annotations.Store;
@Searchable
public class Book{
private Stringid; //編號
private Stringtitle; //標題
private Stringauthor; //作者
private float price; //價格
public Book(){
}
public Book(Stringid,Stringtitle,Stringauthor, float price){
super ();
this .id=id;
this .title=title;
this .author=author;
this .price=price;
}
@SearchableId
public StringgetId(){
return id;
}
@SearchableProperty (boost= 2 .0F,index=Index.TOKENIZED,store=Store.YES)
public StringgetTitle(){
return title;
}
@SearchableProperty (index=Index.TOKENIZED,store=Store.YES)
public StringgetAuthor(){
return author;
}
@SearchableProperty (index=Index.NO,store=Store.YES)
public float getPrice(){
return price;
}
public void setId(Stringid){
this .id=id;
}
public void setTitle(Stringtitle){
this .title=title;
}
public void setAuthor(Stringauthor){
this .author=author;
}
public void setPrice( float price){
this .price=price;
}
@Override
public StringtoString(){
return "[" +id+ "]" +title+ "-" +author+ "$" +price;
}
}

    import org.compass.annotations.Index;
import org.compass.annotations.Searchable;
import org.compass.annotations.SearchableId;
import org.compass.annotations.SearchableProperty;
import org.compass.annotations.Store;

@Searchable
public class Book {
	private String id;//編號
	private String title;//標題
	private String author;//作者
	private float price;//價格

	public Book() {
	}

	public Book(String id, String title, String author, float price) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.title = title;
		this.author = author;
		this.price = price;
	}

	@SearchableId
	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}

	@SearchableProperty(boost = 2.0F, index = Index.TOKENIZED, store = Store.YES)
	public String getTitle() {
		return title;
	}

	@SearchableProperty(index = Index.TOKENIZED, store = Store.YES)
	public String getAuthor() {
		return author;
	}

	@SearchableProperty(index = Index.NO, store = Store.YES)
	public float getPrice() {
		return price;
	}

	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public void setTitle(String title) {
		this.title = title;
	}

	public void setAuthor(String author) {
		this.author = author;
	}

	public void setPrice(float price) {
		this.price = price;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "[" + id + "] " + title + " - " + author + " $ " + price;
	}

}

這里有幾個要注意的地方：@Searchable表示該類的對象是可被搜索的；@SearchableId表示索引建立的id；@SearchableProperty表示此字段可以被索引、被檢索；對于Index，Store在這里就不作介紹了，不熟悉的朋友可以去看看Lucene API。
步驟四：新建一個Searcher類，該類封裝了對索引庫的一些操作，包括新建索引，刪除索引，重建索引，搜索等等。完整代碼如下：

Java代碼

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import org.compass.annotations.config.CompassAnnotationsConfiguration;
import org.compass.core.Compass;
import org.compass.core.CompassHits;
import org.compass.core.CompassSession;
import org.compass.core.CompassTransaction;
public class Searcher
{
protected Compasscompass;
public Searcher()
{
}
/**
*初始化Compass
*@parampath
*/
public Searcher(Stringpath)
{
compass= new CompassAnnotationsConfiguration().setConnection(path).addClass(Book. class ).setSetting( "compass.engine.highlighter.default.formatter.simple.pre" , "<fontcolor='red'>" ).setSetting(
"compass.engine.highlighter.default.formatter.simple.post" , "</font>" ).buildCompass();
Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook( new Thread()
{
public void run()
{
compass.close();
}
});
}
/**
*新建索引
*@parambook
*/
public void index(Bookbook)
{
CompassSessionsession= null ;
CompassTransactiontx= null ;
try
{
session=compass.openSession();
tx=session.beginTransaction();
session.create(book);
tx.commit();
} catch (RuntimeExceptione)
{
if (tx!= null )
tx.rollback();
throw e;
} finally
{
if (session!= null )
{
session.close();
}
}
}
/**
*刪除索引
*@parambook
*/
public void unIndex(Bookbook)
{
CompassSessionsession= null ;
CompassTransactiontx= null ;
try
{
session=compass.openSession();
tx=session.beginTransaction();
session.delete(book);
tx.commit();
} catch (RuntimeExceptione)
{
tx.rollback();
throw e;
} finally
{
if (session!= null )
{
session.close();
}
}
}
/**
*重建索引
*@parambook
*/
public void reIndex(Bookbook)
{
unIndex(book);
index(book);
}
/**
*搜索
*@paramqueryString
*@return
*/
public List<Book>search(StringqueryString)
{
CompassSessionsession= null ;
CompassTransactiontx= null ;
try
{
session=compass.openSession();
tx=session.beginTransaction();
CompassHitshits=session.find(queryString);
int n=hits.length();
if ( 0 ==n)
{
return Collections.emptyList();
}
List<Book>books= new ArrayList<Book>();
for ( int i= 0 ;i<n;i++)
{
books.add((Book)hits.data(i));
}
hits.close();
tx.commit();
return books;
} catch (RuntimeExceptione)
{
tx.rollback();
throw e;
} finally
{
if (session!= null )
{
session.close();
}
}
}
}

    import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;

import org.compass.annotations.config.CompassAnnotationsConfiguration;
import org.compass.core.Compass;
import org.compass.core.CompassHits;
import org.compass.core.CompassSession;
import org.compass.core.CompassTransaction;

public class Searcher
{
	protected Compass compass;

	public Searcher()
	{
	}

	/**
	 * 初始化Compass
	 * @param path
	 */
	public Searcher(String path)
	{
		compass = new CompassAnnotationsConfiguration().setConnection(path).addClass(Book.class).setSetting("compass.engine.highlighter.default.formatter.simple.pre", "<font color='red'>").setSetting(
				"compass.engine.highlighter.default.formatter.simple.post", "</font>").buildCompass();
		Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread()
		{
			public void run()
			{
				compass.close();
			}
		});

	}

	/**
	 * 新建索引
	 * @param book
	 */
	public void index(Book book)
	{
		CompassSession session = null;
		CompassTransaction tx = null;
		try
		{
			session = compass.openSession();
			tx = session.beginTransaction();
			session.create(book);
			tx.commit();
		} catch (RuntimeException e)
		{
			if(tx!=null)
				tx.rollback();
			throw e;
		} finally
		{
			if (session != null)
			{
				session.close();
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 刪除索引
	 * @param book
	 */
	public void unIndex(Book book)
	{
		CompassSession session = null;
		CompassTransaction tx = null;
		try
		{
			session = compass.openSession();
			tx = session.beginTransaction();
			session.delete(book);
			tx.commit();
		} catch (RuntimeException e)
		{
			tx.rollback();
			throw e;
		} finally
		{
			if (session != null)
			{
				session.close();
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 重建索引
	 * @param book
	 */
	public void reIndex(Book book)
	{
		unIndex(book);
		index(book);
	}

	/**
	 * 搜索
	 * @param queryString
	 * @return
	 */
	public List<Book> search(String queryString)
	{
		CompassSession session = null;
		CompassTransaction tx = null;
		try
		{
			session = compass.openSession();
			tx = session.beginTransaction();
			CompassHits hits = session.find(queryString);
			int n = hits.length();
			if (0 == n)
			{
				return Collections.emptyList();
			}
			List<Book> books = new ArrayList<Book>();
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
			{
				books.add((Book) hits.data(i));
			}
			hits.close();
			tx.commit();
			return books;
		} catch (RuntimeException e)
		{
			tx.rollback();
			throw e;
		} finally
		{
			if (session != null)
			{
				session.close();
			}
		}
	}
}

步驟五：新建一個測試類進行測試.完整源碼如下：

Java代碼

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
public class Main
{
static List<Book>db= new ArrayList<Book>();
static Searchersearcher= new Searcher( "E:/index" );
public static void main(String[]args)
{
add( new Book(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), "ThinkinginJava" , "Bruce" , 109 .0f));
add( new Book(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), "EffectiveJava" , "Joshua" , 12 .4f));
add( new Book(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), "JavaThreadPrograming" , "Paul" , 25 .8f));
int n;
do
{
n=displaySelection();
switch (n)
{
case 1 :
listBooks();
break ;
case 2 :
addBook();
break ;
case 3 :
deleteBook();
break ;
case 4 :
searchBook();
break ;
case 5 :
return ;
}
} while (n!= 0 );
}
static int displaySelection()
{
System.out.println( "\n==select==" );
System.out.println( "1.Listallbooks" );
System.out.println( "2.Addbook" );
System.out.println( "3.Deletebook" );
System.out.println( "4.Searchbook" );
System.out.println( "5.Exit" );
int n=readKey();
if (n>= 1 &&n<= 5 )
return n;
return 0 ;
}
/**
*增加一本書到數據庫和索引中
*@parambook
*/
private static void add(Bookbook)
{
db.add(book);
searcher.index(book);
}
/**
*打印出數據庫中的所有書籍列表
*/
public static void listBooks()
{
System.out.println( "==Database==" );
int n= 1 ;
for (Bookbook:db)
{
System.out.println(n+ ")" +book);
n++;
}
}
/**
*根據用戶錄入，增加一本書到數據庫和索引中
*/
public static void addBook()
{
Stringtitle=readLine( "Title:" );
Stringauthor=readLine( "Author:" );
Stringprice=readLine( "Price:" );
Bookbook= new Book(UUID.randomUUID().toString(),title,author,Float.valueOf(price));
add(book);
}
/**
*刪除一本書，同時刪除數據庫，索引庫中的
*/
public static void deleteBook()
{
listBooks();
System.out.println( "Bookindex:" );
int n=readKey();
Bookbook=db.remove(n- 1 );
searcher.unIndex(book);
}
/**
*根據輸入的關鍵字搜索書籍
*/
public static void searchBook()
{
StringqueryString=readLine( "Enterkeyword:" );
List<Book>books=searcher.search(queryString);
System.out.println( "====searchresults:" +books.size()+ "====" );
for (Bookbook:books)
{
System.out.println(book);
}
}
public static int readKey()
{
BufferedReaderreader= new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(System.in));
try
{
int n=reader.read();
n=Integer.parseInt(Character.toString(( char )n));
return n;
} catch (Exceptione)
{
throw new RuntimeException();
}
}
public static StringreadLine(Stringpropt)
{
System.out.println(propt);
BufferedReaderreader= new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(System.in));
try {
return reader.readLine();
} catch (Exceptione)
{
throw new RuntimeException();
}
}
}

    import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;

public class Main
{
	static List<Book> db = new ArrayList<Book>();
	static Searcher searcher = new Searcher("E:/index");

	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		add(new Book(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), "Thinking in Java", "Bruce", 109.0f));
		add(new Book(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), "Effective Java", "Joshua", 12.4f));
		add(new Book(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), "Java Thread Programing", "Paul", 25.8f));
		int n;
		do
		{
			n = displaySelection();
			switch (n)
			{
			case 1:
				listBooks();
				break;
			case 2:
				addBook();
				break;
			case 3:
				deleteBook();
				break;
			case 4:
				searchBook();
				break;
			case 5:
				return;
			}
		} while (n != 0);
	}

	static int displaySelection()
	{
		System.out.println("\n==select==");
		System.out.println("1. List all books");
		System.out.println("2. Add book");
		System.out.println("3. Delete book");
		System.out.println("4. Search book");
		System.out.println("5. Exit");
		int n = readKey();
		if (n >= 1 && n <= 5)
			return n;
		return 0;
	}

	/**
	 * 增加一本書到數據庫和索引中
	 * @param book
	 */
	private static void add(Book book)
	{
		db.add(book);
		searcher.index(book);
	}

	/**
	 * 打印出數據庫中的所有書籍列表
	 */
	public static void listBooks()
	{
		System.out.println("==Database==");
		int n =1;
		for (Book book :db)
		{
			System.out.println(n+")"+book);
			n++;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 根據用戶錄入，增加一本書到數據庫和索引中
	 */
	public static void addBook()
	{
		String title = readLine(" Title: ");
		String author = readLine(" Author: ");
		String price = readLine(" Price: ");
		Book book = new Book(UUID.randomUUID().toString(),title,author,Float.valueOf(price));
		add(book);
	}

	/**
	 * 刪除一本書，同時刪除數據庫，索引庫中的
	 */
	public static void deleteBook()
	{
		listBooks();
		System.out.println("Book index: ");
		int n = readKey();
		Book book = db.remove(n-1);
		searcher.unIndex(book);
	}

	/**
	 * 根據輸入的關鍵字搜索書籍
	 */
	public static void searchBook()
	{
		String queryString = readLine(" Enter keyword: ");
		List<Book> books = searcher.search(queryString);
		System.out.println(" ====search results:"+books.size()+"====");
		for (Book book :books)
		{
			System.out.println(book);
		}
	}

	public static int readKey()
	{
		BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
		try
		{
			int n = reader.read();
			n=Integer.parseInt(Character.toString((char)n));
			return n;
		}catch(Exception e)
		{
			throw new RuntimeException();
		}
	}
	
	public static String readLine(String propt)
	{
		System.out.println(propt);
		BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
		try{
			return reader.readLine();
		}catch(Exception e)
		{
			throw new RuntimeException();
		}
	}
}

Compass入門指南(二)

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