file_handler = open(filename,[,mode[,bufsize]]

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- encoding:UTF-8 -*-

filehandler = open('test.txt','w')?????????????? #以寫模式打開文件，如果文件不存在則創(chuàng)建
filehandler.write('this is a file open/create test.\nthe second line.')

filehandler.close()
#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- encoding:UTF-8 -*-

filehandler = open('test.txt','a')????? #以追加模式打開文件，如果文件不存在則創(chuàng)建

filehandler.write('\nappend the text in another line.\n')

filehandler.close()

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- encoding:UTF-8 -*-

filehandler = open('test.txt','r')??? #以讀方式打開文件，rb為二進(jìn)制方式(如圖片或可執(zhí)行文件等)
?
print 'read() function:'????????????? #讀取整個(gè)文件
print filehandler.read()
?
print 'readline() function:'????????? #返回文件頭，讀取一行
filehandler.seek(0)
print filehandler.readline()
?
print 'readlines() function:'???????? #返回文件頭，返回所有行的列表
filehandler.seek(0)
print filehandler.readlines()
?
print 'list all lines'??????????????? #返回文件頭，顯示所有行
filehandler.seek(0)
textlist = filehandler.readlines()
for line in textlist:
????? print line

print 'seek() function'?????????????? #移位到第32個(gè)字符，從33個(gè)字符開始顯示余下內(nèi)容
filehandler.seek(32)
print filehandler.read()

print 'tell() function'?????????????? #移位到文件頭，從頭開始顯示2位字符
filehandler.seek(0)
print filehandler.readline()????????? #顯示第一行內(nèi)容
print filehandler.tell()????????????? #顯示當(dāng)前位置
print filehandler.readline()????????? #顯示第二行內(nèi)容
print filehandler.read()????????????? #顯示余下所有內(nèi)容

filehandler.close()?????????????????? #關(guān)閉文件句柄

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- encoding:utf-8 -*-

import os,fnmatch,glob

for fileName in os.listdir ( '/root' ):???????????????? #列出/root目錄內(nèi)容，不包括.和..
?? print fileName

os.mkdir('py')????????????????? #在當(dāng)前目錄下創(chuàng)建一個(gè)py目錄，且只能創(chuàng)建一層
os.rmdir( 'py')???????????????? #在當(dāng)前目錄下刪除py目錄，且只能刪除一層
os.makedirs('py/aa')??????????? #可創(chuàng)建多層目錄
os.removedirs('py/aa')????????? #可刪除多層目錄

print 'demonstration fnmatch module'????????????????
for fileName in os.listdir ( '/root/python/file' ):
??????? if fnmatch.fnmatch(fileName,'*.txt'):??????? #利用UNIX風(fēng)格的通配，只顯示后綴為txt的文件
??????????????? print fileName

print 'demonstration glob module'
for fileName in glob.glob ( '*.txt' ):?????????????? #利用UNIX風(fēng)格的通配，只顯示后綴為txt的文件
??????? print fileName

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- encoding:UTF-8 -*-

import os,time,stat

fileStats = os.stat ( 'test.txt' )???????????????????????? #獲取文件/目錄的狀態(tài)
fileInfo = {
'Size':fileStats [ stat.ST_SIZE ],???????????????????????? #獲取文件大小
'LastModified':time.ctime( fileStats [ stat.ST_MTIME ] ),? #獲取文件最后修改時(shí)間
'LastAccessed':time.ctime( fileStats [ stat.ST_ATIME ] ),? #獲取文件最后訪問時(shí)間
'CreationTime':time.ctime( fileStats [ stat.ST_CTIME ] ),? #獲取文件創(chuàng)建時(shí)間
'Mode':fileStats [ stat.ST_MODE ]????????????????????????? #獲取文件的模式
}
#print fileInfo

for field in fileInfo:???????????????????????????????????? #顯示對(duì)象內(nèi)容
??????? print '%s:%s' % (field,fileInfo[field])

#for infoField,infoValue in fileInfo:
#?????? print '%s:%s' % (infoField,infoValue)
if stat.S_ISDIR ( fileStats [ stat.ST_MODE ] ):???????????? #判斷是否路徑
??????? print 'Directory. '
else:
??????? print 'Non-directory.'

if stat.S_ISREG ( fileStats [ stat.ST_MODE ] ):???????????? #判斷是否一般文件
?? print 'Regular file.'
elif stat.S_ISLNK ( fileStats [ stat.ST_MODe ] ):?????????? #判斷是否鏈接文件
?? print 'Shortcut.'
elif stat.S_ISSOCK ( fileStats [ stat.ST_MODe ] ):????????? #判斷是否套接字文件????
?? print 'Socket.'
elif stat.S_ISFIFO ( fileStats [ stat.ST_MODe ] ):????????? #判斷是否命名管道
?? print 'Named pipe.'
elif stat.S_ISBLK ( fileStats [ stat.ST_MODe ] ):?????????? #判斷是否塊設(shè)備
?? print 'Block special device.'
elif stat.S_ISCHR ( fileStats [ stat.ST_MODe ] ):?????????? #判斷是否字符設(shè)置
?? print 'Character special device.'
#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- encoding:UTF-8 -*-

import os.path

fileStats = 'test.txt'

if os.path.isdir ( fileStats ):???????? #判斷是否路徑
??????? print 'Directory.'
elif os.path.isfile ( fileStats ):????? #判斷是否一般文件
??????? print 'File.'
elif os.path.islink ( fileStats ):????? #判斷是否鏈接文件
??????? print 'Shortcut.'
elif os.path.ismount ( fileStats ):???? #判斷是否掛接點(diǎn)
??????? print 'Mount point.'

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- encoding:UTF-8 -*-

import pickle

filehandler = open('pickle.txt','w')

text = ['this is a pickle demonstrate','aa','bb']

pickle.dump(text,filehandler)?????????? #把text的內(nèi)容序列化后保存到pickle.txt文件中

filehandler.close()

filehandler2 = open('pickle.txt')

textlist = pickle.load(filehandler2)??? #還原序列化字符串
print textlist

filehandler2.close()

#cpickle是用C寫的pickle模塊，比標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的pickle速度快很多，使用方法同pickle。

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import StringIO

fileHandle = StringIO.StringIO ( "Let freedom ring." )?? #create file in memory

print fileHandle.read() # "Let freedom ring."

fileHandle.close()

#cStringIO是用C寫的StringIO模塊，執(zhí)行速度比StringIO快。

>>> myfile=open('myfile','w')
>>> myfile.write('hello,myfile!\n')
>>> myfile.close()
>>> myfile=open('myfile')
>>> myfile.readline()
'hello,myfile!\n'
>>> myfile.readline()
''

>>> X,Y,Z=43,324,34
>>> S='Spam'
>>> D={'a':1,'b':2}
>>> L=[1,2,3]
>>> F=open('datafile.txt','w')
>>> F.write(S+'\n')
>>> F.write('%s,%s,%s\n'%(X,Y,Z))
>>> F.write(str(L)+'$'+str(D)+'\n')
>>> F.close()

>>> bytes=open('datafile.txt').read()
>>> bytes
"Spam\n43,324,34\n[1, 2, 3]${'a': 1, 'b': 2}\n"
>>> print bytes
Spam
43,324,34
[1, 2, 3]${'a': 1, 'b': 2}

>>> F=open('datafile.txt')
>>> line=F.readline()
>>> line
'Spam\n'
>>> line=F.readline()
>>> line
'43,324,34\n'
>>> parts=line.split(',')
>>> parts
['43', '324', '34\n']
>>> int(parts[1])
324
>>> numbers=[int(p) for p in parts]
>>> numbers
[43, 324, 34]
>>> line=F.readline()
>>> line
"[1, 2, 3]${'a': 1, 'b': 2}\n"
>>> parts=line.split('$')
>>> parts
['[1, 2, 3]', "{'a': 1, 'b': 2}\n"]
>>> eval(parts[0])
[1, 2, 3]
>>> objects=[eval(p) for p in parts]
>>> objects
[[1, 2, 3], {'a': 1, 'b': 2}]

>>> F=open('datafile.txt','w')
>>> import pickle
>>> pickle.dump(D,F)
>>> F.close()
>>> F=open('datafile.txt')
>>> E=pickle.load(F)
>>> E
{'a': 1, 'b': 2}