通過? oracle 10G服務器端安裝以及冷備份恢復 的測試用例通過，開始恢復原數據

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最開始，也是orapwd.ora文件的問題，直接恢復即可。

恢復之后在繼續startup，檢測錯誤

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此時的錯誤如下

ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 8 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 1: '------------------/gssy_neeadb.dbf'

因為數據文件已經在被使用了從而導致數據庫的后臺進程不能找到相應的數據文件或者不能鎖定相應的數據文件，這樣數據庫將禁止訪問這些數據文件而其他的數據文件則沒有影響。伴隨這個錯誤操作系統將會提示是哪個數據文件不能被識別。

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看了錯誤解釋，知道了數據文件的路勁不對，于是，我選擇了刪掉數據庫用例，可惜刪不掉，只能重裝數據庫，重來。

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?重裝之后，上面的錯誤解決。但錯誤還是在繼續

cmd中進入sqlplus，startup

Database mounted.

ora-01092:ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced.

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繼續找解決方法：

?按照網上的說法，先看錯誤日志，于是找到錯誤日志（檢查alert.log日志：D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\admin\Oracle_SID\bdump\alert.log），

有如下錯誤：

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Tue Oct 15 13:23:36 2013
Adjusting the default value of parameter parallel_max_servers
from 160 to 135 due to the value of parameter processes (150)
The value of parameter db_cache_size is below the required minimum
The new value is 4MB multiplied by the number of cpus
Tue Oct 15 13:23:36 2013
Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
LICENSE_MAX_SESSION = 0
LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING = 0
Picked latch-free SCN scheme 2
KCCDEBUG_LEVEL = 0
Using LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10 parameter default value as USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Autotune of undo retention is turned on.
Dynamic strands is set to TRUE
Running with 2 shared and 18 private strand(s). Zero-copy redo is FALSE
IMODE=BR
ILAT =18
LICENSE_MAX_USERS = 0
SYS auditing is disabled
Starting up ORACLE RDBMS Version: 10.1.0.2.0.
System parameters with non-default values:
? processes??????????????? = 150
? shared_pool_size???????? = 83886080
? large_pool_size????????? = 8388608
? java_pool_size?????????? = 50331648
? control_files??????????? = F:\ORACLEDATA\ORADATA\GIS\CONTROL01.CTL, F:\ORACLEDATA\ORADATA\GIS\CONTROL02.CTL, F:\ORACLEDATA\ORADATA\GIS\CONTROL03.CTL
? db_block_size??????????? = 8192
? db_cache_size??????????? = 33554432
? compatible?????????????? = 10.1.0.2.0
? db_file_multiblock_read_count= 16
? db_recovery_file_dest??? = C:\oracle\product\10.1.0\flash_recovery_area
? db_recovery_file_dest_size= 2147483648
? undo_management????????? = AUTO
? undo_tablespace????????? = UNDOTBS1
? remote_login_passwordfile= EXCLUSIVE
? db_domain??????????????? =
? dispatchers????????????? = (PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=GISXDB)
? job_queue_processes????? = 10
? background_dump_dest???? = C:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.1.0\ADMIN\GIS\BDUMP
? user_dump_dest?????????? = C:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.1.0\ADMIN\GIS\UDUMP
? core_dump_dest?????????? = C:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.1.0\ADMIN\GIS\CDUMP
? sort_area_size?????????? = 65536
? db_name????????????????? = GIS
? open_cursors???????????? = 300
? pga_aggregate_target???? = 25165824
PMON started with pid=2, OS id=1996
MMAN started with pid=3, OS id=1752
DBW0 started with pid=4, OS id=3368
LGWR started with pid=5, OS id=2860
CKPT started with pid=6, OS id=3500
SMON started with pid=7, OS id=3184
RECO started with pid=8, OS id=880
CJQ0 started with pid=9, OS id=1220
Tue Oct 15 13:23:36 2013
starting up 1 dispatcher(s) for network address '(ADDRESS=(PARTIAL=YES)(PROTOCOL=TCP))'...
starting up 1 shared server(s) ...
Tue Oct 15 13:23:37 2013
ALTER DATABASE?? MOUNT
Tue Oct 15 13:23:37 2013
Controlfile identified with block size 16384
Tue Oct 15 13:23:41 2013
Setting recovery target incarnation to 2
Tue Oct 15 13:23:42 2013
Successful mount of redo thread 1, with mount id 3769710745
Tue Oct 15 13:23:42 2013
Database mounted in Exclusive Mode.
Completed: ALTER DATABASE?? MOUNT
Tue Oct 15 13:23:43 2013
ALTER DATABASE OPEN
Tue Oct 15 13:23:43 2013
Beginning crash recovery of 1 threads
?attempting to start a parallel recovery with 7 processes
?parallel recovery started with 7 processes
Tue Oct 15 13:23:43 2013
Started first pass scan
Tue Oct 15 13:23:43 2013
Completed first pass scan
?1 redo blocks read, 0 data blocks need recovery
Tue Oct 15 13:23:43 2013
Started redo application at
?Thread 1: logseq 225780, block 2, scn 2881.3391172770
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 2 Seq 225780 Reading mem 0
? Mem# 0 errs 0: F:\ORACLEDATA\ORADATA\GIS\REDO02.LOG
Tue Oct 15 13:23:43 2013
Completed redo application
Tue Oct 15 13:23:43 2013
Completed crash recovery at
?Thread 1: logseq 225780, block 3, scn 2881.3391192772
?0 data blocks read, 0 data blocks written, 1 redo blocks read
Tue Oct 15 13:23:44 2013
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 225781
Maximum redo generation record size = 120832 bytes
Maximum redo generation change vector size = 116476 bytes
Private_strands 6 at log switch
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 225781
? Current log# 3 seq# 225781 mem# 0: F:\ORACLEDATA\ORADATA\GIS\REDO03.LOG
Successful open of redo thread 1
Tue Oct 15 13:23:44 2013
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
Tue Oct 15 13:23:44 2013
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Tue Oct 15 13:23:45 2013
Errors in file c:\oracle\product\10.1.0\admin\gis\udump\gis_ora_332.trc:
ORA-30012: undo tablespace 'UNDOTBS1' does not exist or of wrong type

Tue Oct 15 13:23:45 2013
Error 30012 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER: terminating instance due to error 30012
Tue Oct 15 13:23:45 2013
Errors in file c:\oracle\product\10.1.0\admin\gis\bdump\gis_dbw0_3368.trc:
ORA-30012: undo tablespace '' does not exist or of wrong type

Tue Oct 15 13:23:45 2013
Errors in file c:\oracle\product\10.1.0\admin\gis\bdump\gis_lgwr_2860.trc:
ORA-30012: undo tablespace '' does not exist or of wrong type

Tue Oct 15 13:23:45 2013
Errors in file c:\oracle\product\10.1.0\admin\gis\bdump\gis_ckpt_3500.trc:
ORA-30012: undo tablespace '' does not exist or of wrong type

Tue Oct 15 13:23:46 2013
Errors in file c:\oracle\product\10.1.0\admin\gis\bdump\gis_reco_880.trc:
ORA-30012: undo tablespace '' does not exist or of wrong type

Tue Oct 15 13:23:46 2013
Errors in file c:\oracle\product\10.1.0\admin\gis\bdump\gis_smon_3184.trc:
ORA-30012: undo tablespace '' does not exist or of wrong type

Tue Oct 15 13:23:46 2013
Errors in file c:\oracle\product\10.1.0\admin\gis\bdump\gis_pmon_1996.trc:
ORA-30012: undo tablespace '' does not exist or of wrong type

Tue Oct 15 13:23:46 2013
Errors in file c:\oracle\product\10.1.0\admin\gis\bdump\gis_mman_1752.trc:
ORA-30012: undo tablespace '' does not exist or of wrong type

Instance terminated by USER, pid = 332
ORA-1092 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...
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從以上錯誤信息看出，文件缺失或者損壞，看了第一個錯誤的地方，undotbs1.ora沒有，然后看了一下數據文件

發現undotbs2.ora有，于是復制一份，改名undotbs1.ora

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Oracle冷備份恢復-原數據恢復