前言
在 JavaWeb 開發中，一般使用 Zxing 來生成和識別二維碼，但是，Zxing 的識別有點差強人意，不少相對模糊的二維碼識別率很低。不過就最新版本的測試來說，識別率有了現顯著提高。
對比
在沒接觸 Python 之前，曾使用 Zbar 的客戶端進行識別，測了大概幾百張相對模糊的圖片，Zbar的識別速度要快很多，識別率也比 Zxing 稍微準確那邊一丟丟，但是，稍微模糊一點就無法識別。相比之下，微信和支付寶的識別效果就逆天了。
代碼案例
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import os
import qrcode
import time
from PIL import Image
from pyzbar import pyzbar
"""
# 升級 pip 并安裝第三方庫
pip install -U pip
pip install Pillow
pip install pyzbar
pip install qrcode
"""
def make_qr_code_easy(content, save_path=None):
"""
Generate QR Code by default
:param content: The content encoded in QR Codeparams
:param save_path: The path where the generated QR Code image will be saved in.
If the path is not given the image will be opened by default.
"""
img = qrcode.make(data=content)
if save_path:
img.save(save_path)
else:
img.show()
def make_qr_code(content, save_path=None):
"""
Generate QR Code by given params
:param content: The content encoded in QR Code
:param save_path: The path where the generated QR Code image will be saved in.
If the path is not given the image will be opened by default.
"""
qr_code_maker = qrcode.QRCode(version=2,
error_correction=qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_M,
box_size=8,
border=1,
)
qr_code_maker.add_data(data=content)
qr_code_maker.make(fit=True)
img = qr_code_maker.make_image(fill_color="black", back_color="white")
if save_path:
img.save(save_path)
else:
img.show()
def make_qr_code_with_icon(content, icon_path, save_path=None):
"""
Generate QR Code with an icon in the center
:param content: The content encoded in QR Code
:param icon_path: The path of icon image
:param save_path: The path where the generated QR Code image will be saved in.
If the path is not given the image will be opened by default.
:exception FileExistsError: If the given icon_path is not exist.
This error will be raised.
:return:
"""
if not os.path.exists(icon_path):
raise FileExistsError(icon_path)
# First, generate an usual QR Code image
qr_code_maker = qrcode.QRCode(version=4,
error_correction=qrcode.constants.ERROR_CORRECT_H,
box_size=8,
border=1,
)
qr_code_maker.add_data(data=content)
qr_code_maker.make(fit=True)
qr_code_img = qr_code_maker.make_image(fill_color="black", back_color="white").convert('RGBA')
# Second, load icon image and resize it
icon_img = Image.open(icon_path)
code_width, code_height = qr_code_img.size
icon_img = icon_img.resize((code_width // 4, code_height // 4), Image.ANTIALIAS)
# Last, add the icon to original QR Code
qr_code_img.paste(icon_img, (code_width * 3 // 8, code_width * 3 // 8))
if save_path:
qr_code_img.save(save_path)
else:
qr_code_img.show()
def decode_qr_code(code_img_path):
"""
Decode the given QR Code image, and return the content
:param code_img_path: The path of QR Code image.
:exception FileExistsError: If the given code_img_path is not exist.
This error will be raised.
:return: The list of decoded objects
"""
if not os.path.exists(code_img_path):
raise FileExistsError(code_img_path)
# Here, set only recognize QR Code and ignore other type of code
return pyzbar.decode(Image.open(code_img_path), symbols=[pyzbar.ZBarSymbol.QRCODE], scan_locations=True)
if __name__ == "__main__":
# # 簡易版
# make_qr_code_easy("make_qr_code_easy", "make_qr_code_easy.png")
# results = decode_qr_code("make_qr_code_easy.png")
# if len(results):
# print(results[0].data.decode("utf-8"))
# else:
# print("Can not recognize.")
#
# # 參數版
# make_qr_code("make_qr_code", "make_qr_code.png")
# results = decode_qr_code("make_qr_code.png")
# if len(results):
# print(results[0].data.decode("utf-8"))
# else:
# print("Can not recognize.")
#
# 帶中間 logo 的
# make_qr_code_with_icon("https://blog.52itstyle.vip", "icon.jpg", "make_qr_code_with_icon.png")
# results = decode_qr_code("make_qr_code_with_icon.png")
# if len(results):
# print(results[0].data.decode("utf-8"))
# else:
# print("Can not recognize.")
# 識別答題卡二維碼 16 識別失敗
t1 = time.time()
count = 0
for i in range(1, 33):
results = decode_qr_code(os.getcwd()+"\\img\\"+str(i)+".png")
if len(results):
print(results[0].data.decode("utf-8"))
else:
print("Can not recognize.")
count += 1
t2 = time.time()
print("識別失敗數量:" + str(count))
print("測試時間:" + str(int(round(t2 * 1000))-int(round(t1 * 1000))))
測試了32張精挑細選的模糊二維碼：
識別失敗數量:1
測試時間:130
使用最新版的 Zxing 識別失敗了三張。
源碼
https://gitee.com/52itstyle/Python/tree/master/Day13
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